System and method for use of augmented reality in outfitting a dynamic structural space

ABSTRACT

A method is provided for providing target object information to a mobile interface device user in a dynamic structural environment. The method includes receiving from the mobile interface device a request for target object information associated with a target object in the dynamic structural environment. A pose of the mobile interface device relative to the target object is determined accounting for spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure. The method also includes assembling AR target object information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device and transmitting the AR target object information to the mobile interface device for display in conjunction with a real-time view of the target object.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/199,780, filed Nov. 26, 2018, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/729,561, filed Jun. 3, 2015 and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/997,793, filed Jun. 9, 2014; U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,041, filed Jul. 16, 2014; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/036,762, filed Aug. 13, 2014, the complete disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The embodiments in this application are related to those in U.S. application Ser. No. 14/686,427, filed Apr. 14, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,947,138), U.S. application Ser. No. 14/695,636, filed Apr. 24, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,734,403), U.S. application Ser. No. 14/824,567, filed Aug. 12, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,864,909) and U.S. application Ser. No. 14/800,049, filed Jul. 15, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,898,867), the complete disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This application relates generally to the use of augmented reality to display changes in dynamic environments and, more particularly, to the use of augmented reality to provide information and direction to users operating in, manipulating or inspecting structures in such dynamic environments.

Augmented reality (AR) provides a view of a physical, real-world environment whose elements are augmented (or supplemented) by computer-generated sensory input such as sound, text, graphics, or video. In a typical AR application, a data processor reviews a camera-captured image for cues that trigger the display of additional information and images along with a display of the captured image.

While AR is useful for conveying information via a static display, it is particularly useful in dynamic situations and environments where images are captured and displayed in real-time and the information to be displayed using AR (hereinafter, “AR information”) changes. The ability to provide constant update to the AR information in response to changes in the environment and location and relative positioning of the user's display provides great utility in various applications including construction, repair, maintenance, and safety.

A particularly significant example of a dynamic spatial environment is the space on board a large ship. Not only does the ship itself move, its structure is flexible so that the position of a particular compartment or supporting structure in one part of the ship may change relative to other parts of the ship. Similar dynamic behavior can occur in tall buildings, construction sites, outdoor processing plants, roadways, bridges, etc.

In addition to changes in environmental structure, dynamic environments experience changes in an essentially infinite number of conditions. These can be as simple as changes in measurable atmospheric conditions (e.g., temperature and pressure) or as complex as changes in the surface topography of a metal sheet undergoing a welding operation.

Such changes can have significant impact on manufacturing and maintenance operations. Of particular interest for the present application is the impact on outfitting practices. Outfitting is the process of installing the non-structural components of a structural space such as that of a vessel like a ship, aircraft, commercial or private building, or an industrial manufacturing facility. Outfitting components typically define the use of the space or provide services for the potential users or inhabitants, including but not limited to doors and windows, furniture, lighting, paint, insulation and safety equipment. Such components are selected according to the requirements for use of the space and are critical to the functions and operations taking place in the space. The process of outfitting a space commonly includes but is not limited to installing and orienting equipment in its proper location, working with different functional disciplines in the same space and connecting various components to form a functional system.

Outfitting usually requires reading and interpreting hardcopy drawings, specifications, procedures or other invoked requirements to determine the location of components and equipment in a given space. A certain level of expertise that is obtained through years of experience is often needed to perform outfitting and, for many industries that are undergoing a high rate of retirement of experienced workers, it is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain the level of experience that is required. Outfitting can also involve different trades or disciplines working in the same space at the same or different times; a situation that requires an awareness on the part of the outfitters of the full complement of equipment and components in a space, as well as the most efficient order for the process of outfitting to meet schedules while avoiding interferences or rip-outs of previously installed equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An illustrative aspect of the invention provides a method for providing target object space information to a mobile interface device user positioned within a dynamic structure having an environment structure coordinate system. The method comprises receiving on a central data processor from the mobile interface device over a communication network a request for target space information associated with a target space within the dynamic structure. The method further comprises determining a pose of the mobile interface device relative to the target object space. The action of determining accounts for spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure. The method further comprises assembling, by the central data processor, augmented reality (AR) target space information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device, and transmitting, by the central data processor, the AR target object space information to the mobile interface device for display in conjunction with a real-time view of the target space.

Another illustrative aspect of the invention provides an automated system for providing to a mobile interface device target space information on a target space within a dynamic structure having an environment coordinate system. The system comprises at least one mobile interface device configured for variable disposition within the dynamic structure, capturing information about the target area, and transmitting the target area information over a network. The system further comprises a local positioning system in communication with the at least one mobile interface device via the network and a central data processor comprising at least one data processing machine in communication with the at least one mobile interface device and the local positioning system via the network. The central data processor is configured for receiving from a requesting one of the at least one mobile interface device a request for target area information and for determining a pose of the requesting mobile interface device relative to the target area. The action of determining a pose accounts for spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure. The central data processor is further configured for assembling augmented reality (AR) target area information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device and for transmitting the AR target object information to the mobile interface device for display in conjunction with a real-time view of the target area.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention can be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description together with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference indicators are used to designate like elements, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system for providing AR information to a mobile interface device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method of providing target object information to a mobile interface device in a dynamic structural environment according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a system for providing outfitting information to a mobile interface device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is an illustration of user with a mobile interface device having AR outfitting information displayed over a view of a target space in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method of providing outfitting information to a mobile interface device according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention provide systems for outfitting a space using AR that provide workers with needed information without the use of hardcopy plans, drawings, requirements or specifications. The methods of the invention can also be used to compensate for lack of experience by providing a visual, step-by-step description of a particular outfitting procedure. The methods of the invention can also visually layer displayed information for one system over another, a capability that can be used to address the problems of interference and rip-out. With the systems of the invention, a worker outfitting a space can electronically scan the space, using a camera or other device, collect data from the scan, and compare that data to a visualized model representation of the space and/or items or systems of items in the space in real time. The worker will also be able to assign attributes to the model at the same time.

The present invention provides methods and systems for real-time display of AR information on a mobile device immersed in and movable within a dynamic environment. The challenges presented by this scenario include determination of the location of and orientation of the mobile device within the environment, recognition of variations in the spatial geometry of the environment, and detection/identification of changes in other measurable parameters associated with the environment or objects within the environment. The scenario also presents the challenge of differentiating actual changes in object location within the structure from apparent changes resulting from spatial changes in the dynamic environment.

While the invention will be described in connection with particular embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, it is contemplated that various alternatives, modifications and equivalents are included within the spirit and scope of the invention as described. Also, while the dynamic structural environments used in many of the examples and illustrative embodiments used herein to describe the invention relate to ships and other vessels, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to such environments. The invention can be used in, without limitation, land vehicles, buildings and any other static or dynamically variable structure.

The systems of the invention use AR as the primary medium for presenting environment-related information to a user. AR allows presentation of such information on the mobile interface device in graphical or textual form overlaid or adjacent an environmental area or object as it appears in the camera-generated view on the device screen.

A generalized system 100 for generating and displaying real-time AR information according to an embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. The system 100 is configured for obtaining and storing information on a dynamic structural environment such as a ship or building and objects disposed within that environment. The system 100 comprises a central data processor 110 in communication with one or more mobile interface devices 101 via a communication network 102. The central processor 110 may include or be in communication with a relational database structure (not shown) as is described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,996,551 (the '551Patent), the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In general, the central processor 110 is configured to receive captured object information from the mobile interface devices 101 and to extract information relating to the environment or an object in the environment, generate AR information for display on a requesting mobile interface device, and transmit the AR information to the requesting mobile interface device 101.

The central processor 110 may include or be configured to receive information from a local positioning system 109 via the communications network 102 or a different network. The central processor may be configured to use the information from the local positioning system 109 in conjunction with information from a requesting mobile interface device 101 and known/stored structural information (e.g., a three dimensional model) to determine the pose of the mobile interface device 101 within the environment. As used herein, “pose” means the position (x,y,z) and orientation (θ,φ,ζ) of an object in a particular physical space. The system is configured to resolve spatial differences between the coordinate system established based on the known structural information and the data received from the local positioning system 109 that result from changes in the dynamic structure.

The central processor 110 is also configured to receive information from an environment data system 103 via the network 102 or another network. The environment data system 103 is configured for measurement or determination of parameters associated with the structural environment or an object or objects within the structural environment. As will be discussed in more detail, such parameters may include, but are not limited to spatially mapped or mappable data obtained from sensors (e.g., radiation or temperature sensors) with known locations in the structural environment, spatially mapped or mappable data (e.g., weight distribution or surface topography) associated with a particular object in the environment, and system or device status information (e.g., electrical circuit energization status). In some embodiments, the environmental data systems 103 may include a metrology system adapted to provide measurements of specific parameters for particular object types. The central processor 110 is configured to process information from the environmental data systems 103 and use it with the pose information for the requesting mobile interface device 101 to generate AR information that can be transmitted to the mobile interface device 101 for display.

In various embodiments of the invention, information processed by the central processor 110 may include asset location information from a global or local positioning system, visual or graphical information received from the mobile interface devices, observational information from users, and operational or other data from instrumentation systems associated with the environment or particular assets. Any or all of such information can be used by the central processor 110 to update object-related information and/or generate information for display via AR images that can be superimposed on the mobile device user's view of the environment or an object in the environment. The mobile interface devices used in the systems of the invention can make use of AR in a variety of ways that allow the user to conduct inspection, maintenance, repair, and replacement tasks in relation to particular assets. AR can also be used to assist a user in identifying safety hazards, locating objects, or simply navigating within the dynamic environment.

In some embodiments, the central processor 110 may be configured for processing information it receives for a particular object or structure in the environment and comparing that information to desired specifications or previously obtained information for that object or structure. Such information can be used to determine if a maintenance or other corrective operation should be performed. The central processor 110 may also be configured to generate AR representations of a deviation from the desired condition that can be displayed to mobile device user charged with correcting the deviation. As will be discussed in more detail hereafter, this could include any of various maintenance operations or corrective machining operations. In some embodiments, the environment data systems 103 may be configured to provide periodic or continuous updates to the central processor 110 regarding the status or condition of the object or structure undergoing such operations. This allows the central processor 110 to provide condition updates to the mobile device operator in real-time.

The mobile interface device 101 may be any mobile computing solution that is used by a user to facilitate communication with and display information from the central processor 110. The mobile interface device 101 may be, for example, a tablet computer, a smartphone, or a wearable heads-up display. The mobile interface device 101 may have features including, but not limited to a processor, a display (such as a screen), a vision sensor (such as a camera), a microphone, one or more speakers, and wireless communications capabilities. The mobile interface device 101 may be, in a particular embodiment, a wearable head-mounted device (HMD) such as that described in U.S. application Ser. No. 14/210,730, filed Mar. 14, 2014, the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In preferred embodiments, the mobile interface device 101 is equipped or configured to display AR images/information to a user. The mobile interface device 101 may include one or more accelerometers or other motion detection sensors. Each mobile interface device 101 may include one or more unique identifiers. In some embodiments, some or all of the mobile interface devices 101 may include one or more local positioning receivers, image and object recognition, audio queues, or electromagnetic field (EMF) receivers or detectors (for GPS, WiFi, or RFID reception or light detection).

In some embodiments, the mobile interface device 101 may be configured to receive information from the local positioning system 109 and to determine its own pose relative to the environment. This capability may be provided to the mobile device 101 in addition to or instead of configuring the central processor 110 to establish the pose of the mobile device 101.

The communication network 102 may be a wireless network, a wired network or any combination of wireless network and wired network. In a preferred embodiment, the communications network 102 is a wireless communications network, allowing the mobile interface devices 101 to communicate wirelessly with the central processor 110. The communication network 102 may, in particular, be or include a wireless LAN, a Global System for Mobile Communication (“GSM”), a Personal Communication Service (“PCS”), a Personal Area Network (“PAN”), D-AMPS, Wi-Fi, Fixed Wireless Data, IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.15.1, 802.11n and 802.11g or any other wired or wireless network for transmitting and/or receiving a data signal.

The central processor 110 may be or comprise one or more servers, data processing machines, or network-enabled computers and may host an AR operating system 104. The AR operating system 104 may be configured to control the interaction of the hardware and software components of a relational database structure (not shown). The relational database structure is configured to provide a logical framework that allows digital information to be associated with physical objects. This framework includes addresses for both tangible objects as well as individual point addresses within a coordinate system for the structural environment. In an exemplary embodiment, this coordinate system is based on a three dimensional (3D) structural model of the environment (e.g., the ship or building). Preferably, the 3D model provides a complete detail of the environment including every space, room or compartment where objects may be disposed.

The AR operating system 104 is configured to assemble AR information for transmission to and display by the mobile device 101. The AR information is constructed using the processed environment data from the environment data systems 103 and the pose of the mobile device 101 using any of various techniques known in the art. The AR information may be presented for display as text or as graphical images that can be superimposed over real-time images captured by the mobile device 101. The AR information may be associated with specific parameters relating to the portion of the environment where the mobile device 101 is located or relating to an object or system near the mobile device 101 and/or with which the user of the mobile device 101 is interacting.

In particular embodiments, the AR information may include information on a target object that is usable by a mobile device user to conduct maintenance, construction, machining or other operations on the target object. As used herein, the term “target object” means an object or structure in a dynamic environment that can be identified by the system and associated with location, status, condition or other object-related information. In particular, the AR information may include information on deviations from a desired status or condition. In some embodiments, the AR information may be presented on a mobile device as an AR image superimposed over a camera image of the target structure or object to show physical deviations to the user in a clear visual manner.

The central processor 110 may be configured or may comprise a processor or processing module and computer executable software (e.g., on a tangible computer-readable medium) configured to perform various processing functions relating to object recognition, including feature extraction to extract lines, edges, ridges, or other localized interest points from an image; detection or segmentation to select a specific set of interest points within an image or segment multiple image regions that contain a specific object of interest; image recognition to categorize a detected object into a particular category; noise reduction; contrast enhancement; and/or space scaling, for example.

The relational database structure may include a domain coordinate management system that maintains spatial addresses for all spaces within the domain of the structural environment. The domain coordinate management system may be configured to receive spatial address information from both the local positioning system 109 and from the three dimensional structural model. The domain coordinate management system is configured to resolve spatial differences between the coordinate system established by the 3D model of the structure and any available telemetry data received from the local positioning system 109 as a result of changes in the dynamic structure. Such differences may be particularly significant in, for example, a large vessel underway at sea. Ships (particularly large ships) are not rigid bodies.

The local positioning system 109 is a system (complete or composite) that facilitates the establishment or estimation of the pose of a mobile interface device 101 within the coordinate system described or approximated by the three dimensional model of the structural environment. As is discussed in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 9,865,087 (the “'087 Patent”), the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, pose may be accurately established using vision science-based algorithms. Such algorithms may recognize one or more unique pre-identified visual tracking cues within a physical space.

The local positioning system 109 may be or include any system capable of establishing the position and/or orientation of a mobile interface device relative to a structural environment coordinate system. This coordinate system may be, or may be based on, for example, a predetermined reference system for a ship or other structure. In some embodiments, the local positioning system 109 may comprise a light positioning system that operates by using light points positioned throughout the physical spaces of the vessel. An example of a light positioning system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,248,467, the complete disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the local positioning system 109 may use electromagnetic or sound waves emanating from various points within the physical spaces in the structural environment. Examples of electromagnetic or sound waves include radio frequency identification (RFID) signals, radio signals, WiFi signals, audio tones, and/or sound waves. The local positioning system 109 may use unique images or recognizable visual features, quick response (QR) codes, bar codes, or reference points placed throughout the physical space of the structure.

The system 100 may use information from more than one local positioning system. Alternatively or in addition, the system 100 may receive and use information from a global positioning system (GPS) (not shown).

It will be understood that various processing components of the system 100 may be combined into a single processor or further subdivided into multiple processors or servers. It will be appreciated that in some cases, multiple instances of a particular component of the system 100 may be used. Moreover, the system 100 may include other devices not depicted in FIG. 1.

The system 100 can be used to provide a mobile device user with real-time AR information on the characteristics or condition of target objects disposed in a dynamic environment. With reference to FIG. 2, a generalized method M100 for providing such AR information to a mobile device user begins at S105. At S110, the user uses the mobile interface device 101 to capture a digital image of the target object and/or a portion of the environment in which the target object is disposed. At S120, a request for target object information is sent from the mobile interface device to a central processor 110 over a network 102. The request may include information usable by the central processor to determine the exact location and pose of the mobile interface device 101 relative to the target object. This information may include some or all of the digital image. At S130, the central processor 110 uses the request information along with information from the local positioning system 109 to establish the exact location and pose of the mobile device 101 relative to the target environment. In some embodiments, the pose of the mobile device 101 may be determined by the mobile device 101 itself. In such embodiments, pose information may be transmitted by the mobile device 101 to the central processor 110.

At S140, the central processor 110 obtains information on one or more target object-related parameters. Some or all of this information may be received from the environment data systems 103 or determined from information received from the mobile device 101 and/or the mobile device user. The information could, for example, be determined from a digital image received from the mobile device 101 as part of the information request. Alternatively, the information may be data from sensors located near or on or associated with the target object. The information may also be or include information on the status of a system of which the target object is a part. It will be understood that the information from the environment data systems 103 may be provided to the central processor 110 on a constant basis or may instead be provided in response to a request or query submitted by the central processor 110. The central processor 110 may also obtain previously stored information associated with the target object from a data storage module.

It will be understood that as part of or in addition to the action of obtaining target object information, the central processor may be required to process the information received from the mobile interface device 101 to specifically identify the target object and differentiate it from other objects in the environment. In some embodiments, this may be accomplished using object recognition techniques in conjunction with environment location information. In other embodiments, this may be accomplished through the use of unique identifiers or other indicia applied to or attached to the target object. Such indicia can be provided to the central processor 110 by the user or can be extracted from a captured digital image. Among other things, identification of the target object allows the central processor 110 to determine if previously stored information is available for that target object.

In some embodiments, the target object parameter information may include information on a particular characteristic or status that can be evaluated to determine if an operation should be performed on the target object by the mobile device user. In some cases, if it is determined that a maintenance or corrective operation is required or if it is already known that such an operation is required, the target object information may be information required by the mobile device user to perform the required operation.

At S150, the central processor 110 uses the target object information to assemble AR information for transmission to the mobile interface device 101. This action may include processing of raw data from the environment data systems into a form usable by the AR operating system 104 to construct the AR information. In some embodiments, the AR information includes a graphical representation of target object parameters as a visual display that can be superimposed over a real-time view of the target environment captured by the mobile interface device 101.

In some embodiments, the central processor 110 may be configured to determine the deviation of a current target object status or characteristic from a desired target object status or characteristic. This could, for example, be a deviation of measured performance or geometric parameters from what is specified for the target object. The central processor 110 may use this information to construct the AR information. In an exemplary embodiment, the AR information could include an AR image that visually shows the deviation in conjunction with a real-time view of the target object. In some embodiments, the AR information could be or include a visual representation of the desired target object condition to assist the mobile device user in conducting an operation intended to bring the target object in conformance with that desired condition.

At S160, the central processor 110 transmits the AR information to the mobile interface device 101 where it is displayed to the mobile device user at S170. The method ends at S195.

As previously discussed, the AR information may be presented as text displayable in conjunction with the visual display of the target object or as graphical imagery that can be superimposed over an appropriate portion of the visual display. The graphical imagery could, for example, be or include one or more graphical representations of the parameters measured by the environmental data systems, a representation of desired characteristics, or the above-described deviation from desired characteristics.

It will be understood that, once requested, some or all of the actions of the method M100 may be repeated to periodically or continuously provide real-time target object information to the mobile interface device 101. This assures that the user is aware of variations due to changes in the location and pose of the mobile device relative to the dynamic environment and changes target object parameters. In some embodiments, the actions of obtaining target parameter data, assembling AR information and transmitting the AR information may be repeated after some or all of an operation on the target object has been accomplished. This allows the operator to monitor the effect of the operation being conducted on the object.

The methods of the invention are usable by individuals conducting virtually any operation associated with an object or space within a dynamic environment, including without limitation any form of machining, welding, construction, assembly, or maintenance operation. It may also include instances where a status of the object is changed. An example of this is an instance where the object is a component in an electrical circuit and the operator is required to effect a change in the connectivity or energization status of that component.

Of particular interest are operations involving outfitting of spaces within the dynamic structural environment. This may include, for example, instances where a piece of equipment is to be installed (or repositioned) within a space that may have been altered from its original configuration or within which other equipment has previously been installed.

The methods of the present invention can be used to assist in outfitting operations by providing augmented reality displays of information such as the current condition/configuration of the space, information relating to an object or objects to be placed or repositioned within the space, and/or whether such objects can be positioned in a certain way within the space. The system can also address the lack of experience problem by providing workers with a method and apparatus for providing step-by-step instructions for carrying out an outfitting process.

As previously noted, while the primary examples and illustrative embodiments used herein relate to plate welding for ships and other vessels, it will be understood that the methods of the invention are not limited to such environments. The invention can be used without limitation in any dynamic or static environment where discrepancy inspection is performed.

FIG. 3 illustrates an outfitting display system 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention that can be used to implement an outfitting display method. It is noted that system 200 illustrates only a single instance of each component. It will be appreciated that multiple instances of these components may be used and that the system 200 may include other devices not shown in FIG. 3. It will be understood that in many environments, the system 200 will interface with other systems such as, for example, the operating system of a shipboard operations and maintenance platform as described in the '551 Patent.

The system 200 comprises a central processor 210 in communication with one or more mobile interface devices 201 via a communication network 202. The mobile interface device 201 may be any mobile computing solution that is integratable into the system 200. The mobile interface device 201 may be, for example, a tablet computer, a smartphone, or a wearable heads-up display. The central processor 210 may include or be in communication with a relational database structure (not shown) as described in the “'551 Patent. The central processor 210 may be configured to receive information from a local positioning system 209 via the communications network 202 or via a different network and use such information along with information from a mobile device 201 to determine a pose of the device 201 relative to a target object.

The central processor 210 is configured to receive captured target space information from the mobile interface devices 201 and to extract information relating to the target space, generate AR information for display on a requesting mobile interface device, and transmit the AR information to the requesting mobile interface device 201. Such AR information could include, for example, information on objects within the space or instructional information that could be viewed by a user of the mobile interface device as an overlay over a real-time view of the space.

The central processor 210 is also configured to receive measurement information via the network 202 (or another network) from a metrology system 203. The metrology system 203 may be or include any one or more measurement systems for locating and measuring inspection parameters discretely or continuously. The metrology system 203 may include one or more sensors 204 that can be used to obtain spatial data or other parameters either manually or automatically. In some embodiments, the sensors 204 may be mounted to equipment positioned or to be positioned with in a target space to provide information in real time as an outfitting operation is taking place. In some embodiments, the metrology system 203 may include measurement devices or scanners used by inspectors (which may include the user(s) of mobile interface device(s) 101). In some cases, the metrology system 103 may receive measurement information from an inspector via the mobile interface device 101. The metrology system 203 could include a combination of lasers, theodolites, photographs, optical telescopes or other measuring devices to provide spatial information within the target space.

The central processor 210 is configured to receive the spatial measurement information from the metrology system 203 and use it to establish a current spatial configuration for the target space. The central processor 210 is further configured to compare the spatial measurement information and/or the current configuration to previously stored information for the target space. The previously stored information could be spatial information from previous measurements (i.e., a previous spatial configuration) or an as-designed configuration. The central processor 210 may be further configured to update the stored information based on the new measurements.

In some embodiments, the metrology system 203 may be used to calculate target space information and transmit such information and/or measured parameter information directly to the one or more mobile interface devices 201 and/or to the central processor 210 via the communication network 202.

The central processor 210 may also be configured to store and retrieve information on objects (e.g., equipment or fixtures) that are or may be disposed within the target space. This information could include, for example, object geometry, weight, compatibility, or other information that may be significant to an outfitting operation.

The central processor 210 may be configured to use the target space measurements and/or stored information on the target space and objects within or to be placed within the target space, along with pose information for the requesting mobile interface device 201, to generate AR information that can be transmitted to the mobile interface device 201 for display. Such AR information may include, for example, an AR image of a desired condition (e.g., placement of a particular piece of equipment within the target space) or a graphical representation of instructions (e.g., a sequence of steps for placement of the equipment within the target space).

The central processor 210 may be configured to provide the AR information in a wide variety of forms. Information on interferences, for example, could be indicated graphically or by textual warning. In another variation, the AR information may include a 3-dimensional augmented image of a proposed configuration overlaid on the existing configuration in the correct pose, thus allowing the worker to visualize in real-time or near real time the desired configuration. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary scenario in which a user 10 is using a mobile interface device 201 in a target space 20 in which a cabinet 30 is positioned and in which it is desired to place a second cabinet. The mobile interface device 201 displays to the user 10 a real-time AR image of the space 20′ showing the existing cabinet 30′ and a constructed image of the proposed cabinet 40′ in a desired position.

With reference to FIG. 5, an exemplary outfitting operation display method M200 uses the outfitting display system 200 to provide outfitting information to a mobile device user. The method begins at S205. At S210, the user uses the mobile interface device 201 to capture a digital image of a target space. At S220, a request for information on the target space is sent from the mobile interface device 201 to the central processor 210 over the network 202. The request may include information usable by the central processor 210 to determine/identify the target space and to determine the exact location and pose of the mobile interface device 201 with respect to the target space. The information sent from the mobile interface device 201 may include some or all of the captured digital image of the target space. The information request may also include information relating to a desired outfitting operation. This could be, for example, the placement of a particular object in a particular location and orientation within the target space or movement of an existing object within the target space. At S230, the central processor 210 uses the request information along with information from the local positioning system 209 to establish the exact location and pose of the mobile interface device 201 relative to the target space. In some embodiments, the pose of the mobile device 201 may be determined by the mobile device 201 itself. In such embodiments, pose information may be transmitted by the mobile device 201 to the central processor 110.

At S240, the central processor 210 obtains information on one or more target space parameters (e.g., wall and ceiling location/orientation, open volume geometry, floor space, etc.). This may include information on the current value(s) of the parameter obtained from measurements (i.e., the “as-built” or “as-equipped” condition of the space) and/or information on a specified/desired condition. In some cases, information on the desired configuration or a previous as-built configuration may be retrieved from data storage. The current parameter information may be established using contemporaneous measurements or may be based on measurements previously provided to the system. The measured information can be provided in terms of the spatial location within the established environment coordinate system. Measurements may be taken dynamically using any suitable measuring system including, but not limited to any of the metrology measurement systems previously disclosed.

In some embodiments, determination of the current value of parameter or the current condition of an object, space or structure requires specialized inspection by a user of the mobile interface device 101. In such cases, the central processor 210 may construct and transmit instructional AR information to the mobile interface device 101. This could include textual and/or graphical information displayable as an overlay over a real-time image of the target space. The instructional AR information could include, for example, step-by-step instructions for conducting an inspection of the target space and/or taking measurements needed to determine a modified condition of the target space or the dimensions of an object within the target space. Measurement information obtained by the user/inspector may be provided to the central processor 110 and/or the metrology system 103 via the network 102. In some cases, the measurement information may be transmitted directly by the equipment used to obtain the measurement information. In other cases, the measurement information may be transmitted using the mobile interface device 101.

At S250, the measured parameter information may optionally be used to compute deviations between measured parameters and desired parameters for the target space. This can be done for specific locations within or portions of the target space. It will be understood that there are some instances where it may be desirable to continuously or periodically re-measure current parameter values and re-determine the current deviations from a desired value or from previous as-built measurements. This allows, for example, an operator to see the effect of outfitting operations on such deviations and/or the occurrence of new deviations caused by such efforts.

At S260, the central processor 210 may optionally obtain information on an object to be disposed or moved within the target space (e.g., the proposed cabinet 40′ of FIG. 4). This may include for example, the geometry, weight or other characteristics of the object that may be pertinent to an outfitting operation. This information may be retrieved from, for example, an equipment inventory or other database or may be provided by a user. Information may also be obtained for other objects disposed within the target space (e.g., the existing cabinet 30 of FIG. 4).

At S270 a rendering engine on the central processor 210 uses the target space information (measured parameter values, desired parameter values, and/or deviation/discrepancy information) and information on one or more objects disposed in or to be disposed in the target space (if applicable) along with mobile device pose information to construct an AR representation of the target space information of interest. In preferred embodiments, this includes graphically rendering a visual display that can be superimposed over the view of the target space captured by the mobile interface device 201. The display may be in any textual or graphical format that conveys the desired information to the user. In a case where the information is intended to show the positioning or repositioning of an object within the target space, the display may show a rendering of the object in the desired position in conjunction with the real-time view of the space. Graphical or textual cues relating to, for example, spacing or interferences with respect to existing structures can also be displayed. At S280, AR information, which is or includes the AR representation constructed in S270, is transmitted to the mobile interface device 201. At S290, some or all of the AR information is displayed on the mobile interface device 201. The AR information may optionally be stored for later review, used for the construction of an inspection report, or transmitted for use or review by other systems or authorities. The method ends at S295.

It will be understood that, once requested, some or all of the actions of the method M200 may be repeated to periodically or continuously provide real-time target space and object information to the mobile interface device 201.

As has been discussed, while the systems and methods of the present invention have a particular value when applied to vessels and other mobile structures, they may also be applied to stationary buildings and other structures as well. In stationary environments, GPS and GIS information are typically available and may be used by the operating system. The invention is, however, of particular utility in shipboard or other mobile/dynamic environments in which GPS information may be unreliable or unavailable. As has also been discussed, the present invention also addresses the problem of dynamic changes in structure and relative positioning such as are often encountered in large vessels. It will be understood that in some embodiments, the invention may be usable in a setting in which the user is not inside a structure and that the term “structural environment” may encompass exterior structural settings.

It will be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible to broad utility and application. Many embodiments and adaptations of the present invention other than those herein described, as well as many variations, modifications and equivalent arrangements, will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and foregoing description thereof, without departing from the substance or scope of the invention. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for providing target space information to a mobile interface device user positioned within a dynamic structure having a structure coordinate system, the method comprising: receiving on a central data processor from the mobile interface device over a communication network a request for target space information associated with a target space within the dynamic structure; determining a pose of the mobile interface device relative to the target space accounting for spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure; assembling, by the central data processor, augmented reality (AR) target space information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device; and transmitting, by the central data processor, the AR target space information to the mobile interface device for display in conjunction with a real-time view of the target space.
 2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising: receiving first spatial information from a local positioning system and second spatial information from a three dimensional model of the dynamic structure; and using the first and second spatial information to determine the spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure.
 3. A method according to claim 1 further comprising: receiving a digital image of the target space captured by the mobile interface device; and receiving mobile interface device location information from a local positioning system, said location information being provided in the environment coordinate system, wherein the location information and the digital image are used in the action of determining the pose of the mobile interface device.
 4. A method according to claim 1 further comprising: receiving, from a measurement data system, target spatial measurement data for the target space; determining a current spatial configuration for the target space.
 5. A method according to claim 4 further comprising: retrieving from data storage spatial measurement data information for a previously determined spatial configuration for the target space; comparing the current spatial configuration to the previously determined spatial configuration for the target space to determine if changes have occurred; and responsive to a determination that changes have occurred, placing in data storage information on the current spatial configuration.
 6. A method according to claim 1 further comprising: retrieving from data storage object information on one or more objects disposed within the target space, wherein at least a portion of the object information is included in the AR target space information.
 7. A method according to claim 1 further comprising wherein the AR target space information includes information on placement of an object within the target space.
 8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the object placement information includes a three dimensional image of the object in a proposed location within the target space, the image being viewable in conjunction with the real-time view of the target space.
 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the object placement information includes information on interferences between the object and the dynamic structure or other objects within the target space when the object is in the proposed location.
 10. A method according to claim 7 wherein the object placement information includes graphical representation of a sequence of actions for positioning the object in a desired location within the target space.
 11. A method according to claim 1, wherein the mobile interface device is one of the set consisting of a tablet computer, a smartphone, and a wearable heads-up display.
 12. A method according to claim 1 wherein the request for target environment information includes a digital image of the target area captured by the mobile interface device.
 13. A method according to claim 1 wherein the spatial changes result from flexure of the dynamic structure.
 14. An automated system for providing to a mobile interface device target space information on a target space within a dynamic structure having an environment coordinate system, the system comprising: at least one mobile interface device configured for variable disposition within the dynamic structure, capturing information about the target area, and transmitting the target area information over a network; a local positioning system in communication with the at least one mobile interface device via the network; and a central data processor comprising at least one data processing machine in communication with the at least one mobile interface device and the local positioning system via the network, the central data processor being configured for receiving from a requesting one of the at least one mobile interface device a request for target area information; determining a pose of the requesting mobile interface device relative to the target area accounting for spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure; assembling augmented reality (AR) target area information for transmission to and display on the mobile interface device; and transmitting the AR target object information to the mobile interface device for display in conjunction with a real-time view of the target area.
 15. A system according to claim 14 wherein the central data processor is also configured for receiving first spatial information from the local positioning system and second spatial information from a three dimensional model of the dynamic structure; and using the first and second spatial information to determine the spatial differences in the environment coordinate system resulting from changes in the dynamic structure.
 16. A system according to claim 14 further comprising: a measurement data system configured for capturing target area spatial measurement data for one or more target area parameters.
 17. A system according to claim 16, wherein the central data processor is also configured for receiving the target spatial measurement data from the measurement data system; and determining a current spatial configuration for the target space.
 18. A system according to claim 17, wherein the central data processor is also configured for comparing the target object data to desired target object values for the one or more target object parameters to determine target object parameter deviations, and responsive to a determination that changes have occurred, placing in data storage information on the current spatial configuration. 